Annual to perennial, sometimes stoloniferous. Stems prostrate to erect, simple, sometimes rooting at the nodes, 4–70 cm. Herbage glabrous to sparsely glandular-pubescent above. Leaves short-petiolate below, sessile above, blades ovate, serrate, 0.5–9 cm long. Flowers: calyx 6–14 mm long, teeth acute, 0.5–3 mm long, upper tooth longer; pedicel 2 to 3 times as long as calyx; corolla 15–40 mm long, yellow, red-spotted, strongly bilabiate, lips spreading, palate closing the throat. Capsule 5–12 mm long (
Lesica et al. 2012. Manual of Montana Vascular Plants. BRIT Press. Fort Worth, TX).
Shallow water of streams or vernally moist soil of wet cliffs, seeps, springs; valleys to lower subalpine (
Lesica et al. 2012. Manual of Montana Vascular Plants. BRIT Press. Fort Worth, TX).
POLLINATORS The following animal species have been reported as pollinators of this plant species or its genus where their geographic ranges overlap:
Bombus vagans,
Bombus bifarius,
Bombus centralis,
Bombus flavifrons, and
Bombus pensylvanicus (Thorp et al. 1983, Colla and Dumesh 2010).