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American Badger - Taxidea taxus
Native Species
Global Rank:
G5
State Rank:
S4
(see State Rank Reason below)
Agency Status
USFWS:
USFS:
BLM:
External Links
State Rank Reason (see State Rank above)
Species is uncommon across much of he state. It has likely suffered historic declines due to habitat loss and may have declined by about 205 in recent years. Minor threats include unregulated shooting and poising from rodenticide
General Description
Remarkably adapted morphologically for burrowing and feeding on burrowing prey. A stout, compact, heavy-bodied animal built low to the ground, with partially webbed toes and long claws to aid in digging. It is the only true fossorial carnivore in North America and thus unique in appearance. A yellowish-gray mammal with a white stripe over the top of its head, white cheeks, black feet, and a black spot in front of each ear. The belly and short tail are yellowish. Pelage is composed of under-fur with longer guard hairs. Because of their shaggy coat and short stature, badgers appear to flow along the ground. Total length: 22 to 28 inches. Weight: 13 to 25 pounds. A heavy-bodied, short-legged mammal with long foreclaws, long fur (longest on the sides), and a short bushy tail; upperparts are yellowish gray to reddish brown, with a white middorsal stripe extending from the snout to the neck or shoulders in the north and usually to the rump in the south; black patches are present on the face and cheeks; underparts are buffy, except for the whitish chin, throat, and mid-ventral region; feet are dark brown to black; head and body length 42 to 72 cm, tail length 10 to 15.5 cm, mass 4 to 12 kg (Nowak 1991).
Diagnostic Characteristics
Other North American mammals of similar size and shape (low flat profile) include skunks and Wolverine; differs from skunks in lacking extensive black pelage, differs from Wolverine in having a white middorsal head stripe.
Species Range
Montana Range
Range Descriptions
Native
Global Range
Estimated global breeding range area is: 7,328,686 km
2 (Approximately 5% in Montana)
See information about
iNaturalist Geomodels
Observations in Montana Natural Heritage Program Database
Number of Observations: 733
(Click on the following maps and charts to see full sized version)
Map Help and Descriptions
Relative Density
Recency
(Observations spanning multiple months or years are excluded from time charts)
Migration
Nonmigratory.
Habitat
Prefers open grasslands, shrub/grasslands, and deserts. Non-forested habitats with soils suitable for burrowing and support of fossorial prey are favored. Mostly nocturnal, but also active during the day. Efficient digger, digs out small rodents. Dens in burrows of its own making.
National Vegetation Classification System Groups Associated with this Species
Forest and Woodland
Deciduous Forest and Woodland
Low Elevation - Xeric Forest and Woodland
Montane - Subalpine Forest and Woodland
Shrubland
Arid - Saline Shrubland
Foothills - Montane Shrubland
Sagebrush Shrubland
Grassland
Lowland - Prairie Grassland
Montane - Subalpine Grassland
Sparse and Barren
Sparse and Barren
Wetland and Riparian
Alkaline - Saline Wetlands
Alpine Riparian and Wetland
Peatland
Riparian and Wetland Forest
Riparian Shrubland
Wet Meadow and Marsh
Recently Disturbed or Modified
Introduced Vegetation
Recently Burned
Human Land Use
Agriculture
Developed
Food Habits
Very efficient predator of fossorial and semifossorial prey. However, an opportunistic feeder and supplements its diet with a variety of mammals, birds, eggs, reptiles, amphibians, and plants.
Reproductive Characteristics
Breeds from May through August; delayed implantation; young born in February to May; litter size ranges from one to four.
Stewardship Responsibility
References
- Literature Cited AboveLegend:
View Online Publication- Nowak, R.M. 1991. Walker's mammals of the world. Fifth edition. Volumes I and II. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore. 1629 pp.
- Additional ReferencesLegend: View Online Publication
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