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- Kingdom - Animals - Animalia
  - Phylum - Spiders, Insects, and Crustaceans - Arthropoda
    - Class - Insects - Insecta
      - Order - Stoneflies - Plecoptera
        
        Family - Spring Stoneflies - Nemouridae
        
        Species - Frigid Forestfly - Zapada frigida

Frigid Forestfly - Zapada frigida

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Native Species

Global Rank: G5
State Rank: SNR

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General Description

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Species Range

Montana Range Range Descriptions

Native

Range Comments

Rangewide, Zapada frigida is known from scattered localities in Alaska (SNR), Idaho (SNR), Montana (SNR), New Mexico (SNR), Utah (S1?) and in Canada, the Yukon Territory (SNR) (NatureServe 2006). Occurrences in the Northern Rocky Mountains are related to the higher elevation cold streams

In Idaho, Z. cordillera has only been reported from Sherman Creek in Idaho County (Baumann et al. 1977).
In Montana, Z. cordillera has been reported from scattered localities in Flathead and Glacier Counties, and from the Northern Rocky Mountain Refugium area of Mineral and Missoula Counties in west-central Montana (Baumann et al. 1977).

Observations in Montana Natural Heritage Program Database

Number of Observations: 43

(Click on the following maps and charts to see full sized version) Map Help and Descriptions

Relative Density

Recency

(Observations spanning multiple months or years are excluded from time charts)

Habitat

The larvae of this species are found in small, high gradient mountain streams (Newell and Minshall 1978), and are indicators of the Pristine Mountain Stream Ecological System (Stagliano 2005). Most Nemouridae species are shredders or collector-gatherers utilizing coarse plant materials (Merritt and Cummins 1996).

Food Habits

Merritt and Cummins (1996) report that members of this family are trophically shredder-detritivores; eating large particulate organic materials such as detritus, leaves and plants.

Management

Zapada frigida has been described as a rare species due to habitat specificity (Baumann et al. 1977) and is never abundant when collected. It is globally secure and unranked in (SNR) in Montana.

References

Literature Cited AboveLegend: View Online Publication
- Baumann, R.W, A.R. Gaufin, and R.F. Surdick. 1977. The stoneflies (Plecoptera) of the Rocky Mountains. American Entomological Society, Philadelphia.
- Cummins, K.W. and R.W. Merritt. 1996. Ecology and distribution of aquatic insects. Chapter 6, pages 74-86 in R.W. Merritt and K.W. Cummins (eds.) An Introduction to the Aquatic Insects of North America. Third Edition. Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company, Dubuque, Iowa. 862 pp.
- NatureServe. 2006. NatureServe Explorer: An on-line encyclopedia of life [web application]. Version 4.7. Arlington, Virginia.
- Newall, R.L., and G.W. Minshall. 1978. An annotated list of the aquatic insects of southeastern Idaho. Part III. (Ephemeroptera). Great Basin Naturalist 38(1): 55-58.
- Stagliano, D.M. 2005. Aquatic community classification and ecosystem diversity in Montana's Missouri River watershed. Prepared for Bureau of Land Management. Montana Natural Heritage Program, Helena, MT. 65 pp. plus appendices.
Additional ReferencesLegend: View Online Publication
Do you know of a citation we're missing?
- Burns, D.C. 1973. Plecoptera of the West Fork of the West Gallatin River and factors influencing their distribution. M.Sc. Thesis. Bozeman, Montana: Montana State University. 71 p.
- Garrett, P.A. 1973. The distribution and abundance of aquatic insects in the Middle West Gallatin drainage. M.Sc. Thesis. Bozeman, Montana: Montana State University. 60 p.
- Muhlfeld, C.C., T.J. Cline, J.J. Giersch, E. Peitzsch, C. Florentine, D. Jacobsen, and S. Hotaling. 2020. Specialized meltwater biodiversity persists despite widespread deglaciation. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences May 2020, 202001697; DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2001697117
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Citation for data on this website:
Frigid Forestfly — Zapada frigida. Montana Field Guide. Montana Natural Heritage Program. Retrieved on April 19, 2024, from https://FieldGuide.mt.gov/speciesDetail.aspx?elcode=IIPLE0U050