The Cackling Goose breeds from eastern Labrador to western Alaska and overwinters in the West from Washington south and in the Southern Great Plains from Iowa, Kansas, and Colorado south to the Gulf Coast. The species is an uncommon migrant across Montana, with less than nine observation records typically reported per year (Mowbray et al. 2002, MTNHP 2019).
For a comprehensive review of the conservation status, habitat use, and ecology of this and other Montana bird species, please see
Marks et al. 2016, Birds of Montana.
Direct Evidence of Breeding
Indirect Evidence of Breeding