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- Species - Black Dot Leafy Spurge Flea Beetle - Aphthona nigriscutis
Black Dot Leafy Spurge Flea Beetle - Aphthona nigriscutis
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References
- Literature Cited AboveLegend:
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Butler, J.L., Parker, M.S., Murphy, J.T. 2006. Efficacy of flea beetle control of Leafy Spurge in Montana and South Dakota. Rangeland Ecology and Management. 59:453-461.
Fellows, D.O. and W.E. Newton. 1999. Prescribed fire effects on biological control of Leafy Spurge. Journal of Range Management. 52:489-493.
Gassmann, A., D. Schroeder, E. Maw, and G. Sommer. 1996. Biology ecology and host specificity of European Aphthona spp. (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae) used as biocontrol agents for Leafy Spurge, Euphorbia esula (Euphorbiaceae), in North America. Biological Control. 6:105-113.
Hansen, R.W., R.D. Richard, P.E. Parker, and L.E. Wendell. 1997. Distribution of biological control agents of leafy spurge (Euphorbia esula L.) in the United States: 1988-1996. Biological Control 10:129-142.
Jackson, J.J. 1997. Biology of Aphthona nigriscutis (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) in the laboratory. Annals of the Entomological Society of America. 90:433-437.
Jacobs, J.S., R.L. Sheley, N.R. Spencer, and G. Anderson. 2001. Relationships among edaphic, climatic, and vegetation conditions at release sites and Aphthona nigriscutis population density. Biological Control. 22:46-50.
Jonsen, I.D., R.S. Bourchier, and J.Roland. 2001. The influence of matrix habitat on Aphthona flea beetle immigration to leafy spurge patches. Oecologia. 127:287-294.
Lajeunesse, S., R. Sheley, R. Lym, D. Cooksey, C. Duncan, J. Lacey, N. Rees, and M. Ferrell. 1997. Leafy spurge: biology, ecology and management. Bozeman, MT: Montana State University Extension Service Bulletin EB-134. 25 p.
Larson, D.L. and J.B. Grace. 2004. Temporal dynamics of leafy spurge (Euphorbia esula) and two species of flea beetles (Aphthona spp.) used as biological control agents. Biological Control. 29:207-214.
LeSage, L. and P. Paquin. 1996. Identification keys for Aphthona flea beetles (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) introduced in Canada for the control of spurge (Euphorbiaspp., Euphorbiaceae, in North America. Canadian Entomologist. 128:593-603.
Lym, R.G. 2005. Integration of biological control agents with other weed management technologies: successes from the leafy spurge (Euphorbia esula) IPM program. Biological Control 35:366-375.
Lym, R.G. and J.A. Nelson. 2000. Biological control of Leary Spurge (Euphorbia edula) with Aphthona spp. along railroad right-of-ways. Weed Technology. 14:642-646.
Rees, N.E., R.W. Pemberton, N.R. Spencer, P.C. Quimby, Jr., and R.M. Nowierski. 1996. The spurges pp. 155-186 In: N.E. Rees, P.C. Quimby, Jr., G.L. Piper, E.M. Coombs, C.E. Turner, N.R. Spencer, and L.V. Knutson (eds). Western Society of Weed Science. Bozeman, MT: Montana State University.
Skinner, L.C., D.W. Ragsdale, R.W. Hansen, M.A. Chandler, and G. Spoden. 2006. Phenology of first and peak emergence of Aphthona lacertosa, and A. nigriscutis: two flea beetles introduced for biological control of Leafy Spurge, Euphorbia esula L. Biological Control. 37:382-391.
Skinner, L.C., D.W. Ragsdale, R.W. Hansen, M.A. Chandler, and R.D. Moon. 2004. Temperature-dependent development of overwintering Aphthona lacertosa and A. nigriscutis (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae): two flea beetles introduced for the biological control of Leafy Spurge, Euphorbia esula. Environmental Entomology. 33:147-154.
Wacker, S.D. and J.L. Butler. 2006. Potential impact of two Aphthona spp. On a native, nontarget Euphorbia species. Rangeland Ecology and Management. 59:468-474.
- Additional ReferencesLegend:
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Wiman, N.G. 2001. Dynamics of leafy spurge (Euphorbia esula L.) infested plant communities influenced by flea beetles in the Aphthona complex (Colepotera: Chrysomelidae). M.Sc. Thesis. Bozeman, MT: Montana State University. 148 p.
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